And frank sickels



(Model) I I 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. E. BUDD & P. SIGKELS.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOCK.

Nd. 372,961. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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(ModeL) I 3SheetsSheet' 2.

- W. B. BUDD & F. SIGKELS.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOOK.

No. 372,961. Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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(Model 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. W. 341211131) & F. SIGKELS.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOOK. I

Patented Nov. 8, 1887.

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' U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. BUDD, OF GHATHAM, NEW JERSEY, AND FRANK SICKELS, OF CHICAGO,ILLINOIS.

COMBINED LATCH AND LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 372,961, dated November8, 1887.

Application filed May 20, 1887. Serial No. 238.914. (Modoh) To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM E. BUDD, of Ohatham, in the county ofMorris and. State of New Jersey, and FRANK SIcKELs, of Chicago, in'thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new anduseful Improvements in aOombined Latch and Look; and we do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of this specification.

Our invention relates to an improvement in a combined latch and lock;and it consists in, first, the combination of the key-postfwhieh isweighted upon one side, so as to return au .tomatically to positionafter having been moved, and which has notches in the edges of theweighted portion, a pivoted sliding plate, which is placed in a recessformed in the edge of the weighted portion and which has its inner edgeto extend down far enough to be operatedby the key when 'it is insertedinto the key-hole, and a pivoted lever provided with projections tocatch in the notches in the keypost,and thus prevent the post fromautomatically returning to position, after having been moved by thekey,and rclocking the door; second, the combination of the latch-bolthaving a notch formed in its lower edge with the recessed locking-lever,which is operated by the pivoted arms or levers connected to theescutcheon-plates, and which have their inner ends to extend under thelocking-bolt, and thus raise it upward, so as to cause it to engage withthe latch-bolt; third, the combination of the spindle-post provided withnotches in its edge, the latch-bolt provided with a recess in its edge,a locking-lever provided with a projection to engage with the notches onthe spindlepost, and the pivoted levers connected to theescutcheon-plates, whereby when the lockinglever is raised it looks backboth the latch-bolt and the spindle-post at, the same time; fourth, thecombination of the hollow castings or frames, which are applied to theouter opposite sides of the look at thekey-hole, theautomatically-moving slide, which is placed in each frame, and which hasits inner end to project slightly down over the key-hole and into thenotch in the revolving casting through which the key-hole is made, so asto be raised whenever the key is inserted,-and the plates and washers,which are placed inside of the castings, as will be more fully describedhereinafter;

The objects of our invention are to provide an automatic lock for theslotted revolving casting through which the key-hole is made, so thatwhen it is attempted to insert a skeleton key or flat object to pick thelook its entrance will either be prevented or it will be foundimpossible to turn it around, because the casting through which thekey-hole is made is locked in position, to use a locking-lever inconnection with the weighted automaticallyacting key-post, so that whenthe key-post has been turned around to unlock the door thelever willengage with the key-post and prevent it from automatically re-engagingwith the latch-bolt and also prevent the look from being picked, and toprovide a means for locking the latch-bolt back, so that it will notengage with the striking-plate when the door is closed.

Figure 1 is an edge view of the lock complete, showing theescutcheon-plates in position. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the lockwith one of the side plates removed, showing the parts in one position.Fig. 3 is a similar view, showing the parts in another position. Fig. 4is an edge view of the key-post and its attachment-s. Fig. 5 is avertical section taken through the key-post. Fig. 6 is an inside View ofone of-the escutcheon-plates with its attachrnents, thedeadbolt-operating device being shown in one position in solid lines andin another position in dotted lines. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectiontaken through the escutcheon-plate, showing the device which holds theknob in position. Fig. 8 is a side elevation taken from the inner sideof the hollow casting, which is applied to the outer side of thekey-hole. Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken through the same. Figs. 10and 11 are detached views of the hollow castings and thedifferent-shaped washers used in connection therewith. Fig. 12 is aperspective of the slide used in connection with the frame 0. Fig. 13 isa horizontal section taken through the striking-plate. Fig. 14 is a sideelevation of the striking-plate.

l W. l V

A represents the frame of a mortise-lock,

and 13 its face-plate. This faceplate B is provided with a flange orprojection, O, on its nner edge, which extends a suitable distance inbetween the two sides of the frame, and through which flange orprojection is formed a suitable opening to engage the screw-post, andthus secure the face-plate in position. Near each end of the face-plateis formed a flange, D, which catches over one of the corners of theframe and assists in holding the face-plate in position, by preventingany endwise movement of the plate which would interfere with themovement of the latch-bolt E. The latchbolt E is pivoted in the upperfront corner of the lock-frame, and a spring is here shown for thepurpose of returning the bolt to position after having been moved; butthis spring is not absolutely necessary. Formed as here shown, thelatch-bolt will instantly act from gravity alone, so that the use of aspring 15 entirely optional. The latch-tumbler F, by which thelatch-bolt is operated in the usual manner, has a series of projectionsor ratchetteeth formed in its edges, for the purpose of engaging withthe projection upon the lockingbolt G, which is pivoted in the lowerrear corner of the lock-frame. This locking-bolt G is provided with arecess in the top of its free end, so as to engage with a projection.H,whieh is formed upon the latch-bolt E. \Vhen it is desired to hold thelatch-bolt back in thelockframe, so that it will not engage with thestriking-plate, the'latch-bolt is forced back, and then the locking-boltG is raised upward by one of the pivoted levers I, connected to theescuteheon-plates J, and while the lockingbolt G holds the latch-bolt Eback in position the projection on thelever G engages with one of thenotches in the latch-tumbler F and looks it in position at thesame time,so that the knob cannot be turned. This construction prevents anyrattling of the knobs when the lock is used upon a fly-door. A pivotedlever, I, may be attached to each one of the escutcheon-pla-tes, so thatthe latch-bolt may be locked from either side of the door, and thusprevent it from operating. By means of the construction here shown thelevers I are made entirely separate and independent of each other, andthus the door may be locked and bolted from both sides of the door atonce, or from one side only.

The upper inner corner of the latch-bolt E is recessed, as shown, andthe edges of this reeessed portion are notched, so that the pawlsK,pivotcd to the key-postL,will automatically engage therewith, and thusprevent the keypost from being turned unless the proper key is used.These pawls and the key post weighted upon one side are fully shown anddeseribedin the former application filed by us, and hence need not bemore fully described in this application. The weighted side of thekey-post L is recessed, as shown, and in this recess is placed themovable plate M, which has a projection on its inner edge, so as toproject down across the upper end of the keyhole. When the key isinserted, one of its edges strikes against this projection, and thuslifts the movable plate M upward until its outer edge becomes flush withthe edge of the weighted portion of the post L, which is provided withtwo notches, as shown. \Vhen this plate M is in its normal position, itsouter edge comes below the edge of the weighted portion of the post L;but as soon as the key is inserted its outer edge is forced upward, soas to be flush with the recessed edge of the post L.

Iivotcd in the inner upper corner of the lock-frame is the lever N,which is provided with two projections on its lower edge correspondingto the recesses made in the edge of the key-post. This key-post, beingweighted upon one side, would automatically return to place as soon asthe key was removed, unless the post was turned entirely around, andthus lock the door again,when perhaps it was not desired that the doorshould he relocked. In order to prevent this reloeking of the door, aswell as assist in preventing the lock from being picked, the lever N isused. When the key is inserted in the post L, one of its edges forcesthe plate M upward, so as to be just flush with the weighted portion ofthe post, and in this position it prevents either one of the projectionson the locking-lever N from engaging with the recesses in the post. Assoon as the key is withdrawn the plate M sinks downward from its owngravity, and then one of the projections on the lower edge of the leverNcan engage with one of the notches in the key-post. \Vhen the key-postis turned only partially around by either the proper or a false key, thetwo projections upon the lever N enter both of the recesses in the postL, in which position the post is locked in place in such a manner thatthelatch-bolt E cannot be operated. If, however, the turning movement ofthe post is continued until its rear edge strikes against the stopprovided for it, only one of the projections 011 the lever N will engageone of the notches in the key-post, and in this position the key-post isprevented from automatically turning and again locking the door.

Should some sharp instrument be inserted into the look so as to operateonly the pawl K upon that edge of the key-post, the pawl upon the otherside would still not be operated, and by engaging with the latch-bolt Ewould prevent the key-post from being turned farther around andthelateh-bolt from beingoperated. \Vhen the proper key isinserted intothe post L, its first operation is to force the plate M upward, andthereby raise the projection or projections on the lever N out of therecess or recesses in the key-po st, and thus leave the post free to beturned. As the insertion of the key also operates the pawls K, the postis free to be turned in either direction.

Applied to opposite sides of the lock-frame and to opposite ends of thekey-post L are the recessed frames 0, in which the revolving of theknobs.

slotted casting P, having the key-hole made. therein, and the plates Qand the washers a, are placed. The casting Pis provided with a flangearound its edges,which catches against the inner side of the frame 0,and the opposite edges'of this flange are notched or recessed, so as toengage with the slide S. There may be any desired number of the plates Qand the washers a placed in the frame, and these will be arranged so asto correspond to the re cesses made in the opposite edges of the key.Each plate Q represents one of the pair of notches in the key, and thewashers a,of which there may be any desired number placed between theplates Q, represent the distance between the notches in the edges of thekey. Placed in a suitable recess, 1), formed in the frame 0, is a slide,S, which has its inner end to project inwardly into the frame Oand catchin one of the notches formed in the flanges formed in the casting P.This slide sinks inward from its own gravity, and has its inner end toproject downward partly across the key-hole, so that if the proper keyis inserted the key must first raise the slide S, so as to detach itfrom the casting P, and thus leave the casting free to revolve. Shouldit be attempted to insert a skeleton key or a sharp tool into thekey-hole, it must first operate the slide S, so as to free the castingP, or else the tool or key cannot be turned around, for the reason thatthe casting P, in which the key-hole is made, is locked in position.After the key or tool has been inserted into the frame 0 the notches inits edges must correspond to the plates Q,or it cannot be turned. Asshown, two of these frames 0 are applied to each look. If so desired,these frames may be the same upon both sides, or different, as may bepreferred. When'made different, a separate key will be required for eachside of the door, thus making it impossible for a party upon one side ofthe door to operate the look without consent of the party upon theopposite s1 e.

The great advantage of the use of the frames 0 consists in makingthecombination entirely independent of the lock. These frames 0 may beremoved by simply taking off the escutcheon-plates, and the combinationchanged without in any wise removing or interfering with any other partof the lock. The outer portion or end of theframe being made to extendinto the socket formed in the plate J, the plate can be adjusted backand forth in relation to this end of the frame, and hence the same lockmay be applied to doors which vary very materially in thickness.

The escutcheon-plates J are applied to opposite sides of the door, andare provided with openings for the passage of the outer ends of theframes 0, for the knob, and for the screws which hold theescutcheon-plates in position.

The knobs are recessed, so as to receive the ends of the spindle,whichis placed loosely in the lock and entirely disconnected from both Inorder to hold the knob in position, each one of them has a groove, T,formed in the inner end of the shank, just at that point where it passesthrough the plate J, and in this groove T is made to catch the inner endof the plate U, which has its inner end so shaped as to catch in thegroove T, and thus hold the knob in place, while the outer end of theplate catches'against the flange formed on the edge of theescutcheon-plate J. The knobs are thus swiveled in position upon theeseutcheon-plates, instead of having to be fastened to the ends of thespindle, in the usual manner. The knobs, being thus swiveled inposition, cannot be taken by removing any part,-as is the case with theordinary lock, and are held more securely in position in every I n orderto prevent either one of the escutcheon-plates from being taken from thedoor, there is formed upon its inner side a screw socket, Z, to receivethe end of the screw which is passed through the escutcheonplate uponthe opposite side of the door. This screw passes through oneescutcheonplate upon one sideof the door, through both door and lock,and then its end catches in the screw socket in the other plate. Theescutcheon-plate cannot be removed from the door without removing thescrew from the escutcheon-plate upon the opposite side also. By thisconstruction the escutcheon -plates, the knobs, and the frames 0 areprevented from being taken from the door, at the same time that it helpsto prevent the burglars getting access to the working parts of the look.In order to prevent that part of thelatch-bolt which extends beyond theface plate B from being sawed off, one or more holes are to be drilledin it, and in this hole or holes are to be placed plugs d, of highlytempered metal, which will resist the action of any saw or file whichthe burglars may attempt to use. These plugs will prevent this portionof the latch-bolt from being sawed off, so that the door cannot beopened and the lock cannot be picked.

The, striking-plate is shaped as shown in Figs. 13 and 14;and itconsists of a single casting, W, having a recess, X, at its inner end,and a suitable guiding-plate, Y, projecting from the center of one side,as shown. The latch-bolt moves along the plate Y until it reaches therecess X,when it snaps outward into it. The screws which hold this platein position are passed through holes made in the bottom of the recess X,instead of in the outer ends of the plates in the usual manner.

We claim- 1. The combination of the latch-bolt provided with aprojection, H, and a recessin its lower edge,the locking-lever G,provided with a recess in its end to receive the projection H onthelatch -bolt, and the pivoted levers I, connected to the escutcheon-plateJ and having their ends to project through an opening in the lock-case,so as to engage with the lever G, and thus enable the lock to bedeadbolted from either side of the door, substantially as shown.

2. In a lock, the combination of a latchtumbler provided with notcheswith a lookng-lever provided with a projection to catch 1n the notches,and a pivoted lever for operating the locking lever, substantially asset forth.

3. The combination of the latch-bolt, the latch tumbler provided withnotches. the locking-lever adapted to engage thelateh-bolt and providedwith a projection to catch in the notches of the latch-tumbler, andpivot-ed lever I, for operating the locking-lever, substantially asspecified.

4. Thecombinalion ofthelcey-postreeessed In its edge, anautomaticallymoving plate placed in the recess, and which is operated bythe key, and a pivoted lever which engages with the key-post and isoperated by the movable plate, substantially as shown.

' 5. The combination of the key-post provided with notches in its outeredge, the inovable plate recessed in one side of the post, the

to the outer side of the look, but independent thereof, and the platesand washers placed inside of the frame and forming the combination ofthe look, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of the lock provided with a key-post with theindependent frame or frames applied to the side or sides of the lock,the plates and washers placed in the frame and forming the combinationof the lock, the revolving casting plaeedin the frame andprovided withthe key-hole and anoteh or notches in its edge, and the slide whichcatches in the notch in the casting and is operated by the key,substantially as specified.

8. The latch-bolt having a recess formed in its lower end,with a plug ofhard lllCt2l1,WlJlC1l is inserted in the recess,substantially as shown.

9. The striking-plate \V,provided with a reeess, X, and screw-holesformed in the bottom of the recess, and the guiding-plate Y,substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

\VM. E. BUDD. FRANK SICKELS.

Witnesses:

WARREN G. 'NoYns, G120. N. ALLEN.

